Биография исаака ньютона на английском. Исаак Ньютон; Isaac Newton

Isaac Newton was one of the world’s greatest scientists. He did research in mathematics, physics, astronomy and many other fields.

Newton was born in 1642. He worked on his family’s farm but was not really interested in farming. His father died before Isaac was born. In his childhood he spent much time with his grandmother. Newton didn’t have many friends and never married.

Newton did most of his scientific work at Cambridge, where he was a professor for many years. Although some other scientists criticized his work, he was admired throughout Europe. Queen Anne made Newton a knight. He died in 1727 and was buried at Westminster Abbey in London.

Isaac Newton was very ambitious young scientist who carried out his experiments very accurately. His main theory was that everything in nature could be explained through mathematics. Not all scientists had the same opinion.

Newton was an astronomer, who studied the Earth, the planets and stars. He became well-known for theories of gravity, in which he claimed that all objects of the universe have a gravitational force that pulled other objects towards them. An apple is pulled to the Earth’s surface just like the Earth is being pulled towards the sun. He also showed that planets move around the sun in ellipses. His theory of gravity dominated physics for some time.

He also conducted experiments with light and found out that normal light is made up of many colors. He used prisms to break up light into a rainbow of colors. Newton invented a new kind of telescope that used lenses. It made objects look bigger.

In his book “The Mathematical Principles” Newton describes the three laws of motion:

– Every moving object keeps moving until something stops it. An object that lies on the ground continues to lie there until a force sets it in motion.

– Acceleration happens when a force acts on a mass. The greater the mass the more force must be applied to move the object. For example, you need more force to push a car than you need to push a bike.

– For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. A rocket, for example, pushes down on the ground with its engines; the opposite action moves the rocket into the sky.

These principles were very difficult to understand at that time. Only few people really knew what Newton meant.

Newton also devoted a great deal of his life to alchemy. He studied it closely and believed that he was a special person who had magic powers and secret wisdom to change substances and objects. Newton wanted to keep these studies to himself; therefore he did not publish any of his alchemist works. At that time alchemy was a much-discussed topic that not everyone accepted.

Although Newton was one of the great scientists of his time, he based his work on the discoveries of Galileo and other scientists who lived before him. Scientists of following generations admired Newton’s work. Albert Einstein, 20th century scientist, thought highly of Newton’s work although his theory of general relativity moved away from his ideas.

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Тема по английскому языку: Исаак Ньютон

Топик по английскому языку: Исаак Ньютон (Isaac Newton). Данный текст может быть использован в качестве презентации, проекта, рассказа, эссе, сочинения или сообщения на тему.

Рождение

Исаак Ньютон родился 4 января 1643 в Уолстропе, Линкольншир. Его отец был преуспевающим фермером, но умер за три месяца до его рождения.

Образование

В 1661 он поступил в Кембриджский университет, где заинтересовался математикой, оптикой, физикой и астрономией. В 1665 университет был закрыт из-за эпидемии чумы и Ньютон вернулся домой. Два года, которые он там провел, были чрезвычайно плодотворными. Он сделал три своих знаменитых открытия – открытие дифференциальных исчислений, природы естественного освещения и закона гравитации.

Изобретения

В 1667 Ньютон вернулся в Кембридж, где стал членом колледжа Тринити. Через два года он был назначен вторым профессором математики в Лукасиане. Научное общество обратило свое внимание на Ньютона после его изобретения отражающего телескопа в 1668. В 1672 он стал членом Королевского общества. С середины 1960-х Ньютон провел серию экспериментов о композиции света. Многие люди видели цвета радуги, но только Ньютон показал, что белый свет состоит из них. В 1704 Ньютон издал «Оптику», которая имела дело со светом и цветом. Он также изучал и публиковал произведения по истории, теологии и алхимии.

Величайшая работа

В 1687 Ньютон издал свою величайшую работу «Математические принципы естественной философии», которая показала, как притяжение применимо ко всем объектам во всех частях вселенной.

Работа при дворе

Ньютон был избран членом Парламента Кембриджского университета в 1689. Затем, в 1696 он был назначен смотрителем Королевского монетного двора. Он исполнял свои обязанности при дворе очень серьезно и выступал против коррупции и неэффективности внутри организации. В 1703 он был избран президентом Королевского общества, этот пост он удерживал до смерти.

Смерть

К началу 1700 Исаак Ньютон был главной фигурой в британской и европейской науке. Он умер 31 марта 1727 и был похоронен в Вестминстерском аббатстве.

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Isaac Newton

Birth

Isaac Newton was born on 4 January 1643 in Woolsthorpe, Lincolnshire. His father was a prosperous farmer, who died three months before Newton was born.

Education

In 1661, he went to Cambridge University where he became interested in mathematics, optics, physics and astronomy. In October 1665 the university was closed because of a plague epidemic and Newton returned home. The two years he spent there were an extremely fruitful time: he made his three great discoveries - the discoveries of the differential calculus, of the nature of white light, and of the law of gravitation.

Inventions

In 1667, Newton returned to Cambridge, where he became a fellow of Trinity College. Two years later he was appointed second Lucasian professor of mathematics. The attention of the scientific community was drawn to Newton after his invention of the reflecting telescope in 1668. In 1672 he was made a fellow of the Royal Society. From the mid-1660s, Newton conducted a series of experiments on the composition of light. Many people saw colours of a rainbow but only Newton showed that white light consisted of these colours. In 1704, Newton published ‘The Opticks’ which dealt with light and colour. He also studied and published works on history, theology and alchemy.

His greatest work

In 1687 Newton published his greatest work “Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy”, which showed how a universal force, gravity, applied to all objects in all parts of the universe.

Royal Society

Newton was elected Member of Parliament for Cambridge University in 1689. Then, in 1696 he was appointed warden of the Royal Mint. He took his duties at the Mint very seriously and campaigned against corruption and inefficiency within the organisation. In 1703, he was elected president of the Royal Society, an office he held until his death.

Death

By the early 1700s Isaac Newton was the dominant figure in British and European science. He died on 31 March 1727 and was buried in Westminster Abbey.

Исаак Ньютон биография на английском известного ученого поможет составить рассказ о нем.

Ньютон биография на английском

Isaac Newton was born in the county of Lincolnshire, England in 1643. His father died just months before he was born, and when he was three years old, his mother left him in the care of his grandmother. Isaac was always a top student, and went off to the University of Cambridge at age 19. While at Cambridge, Newton was influenced by the writings of Galileo, Nicholas Copernicus, and Johannes Kepler. By 1665, Newton began developing a mathematical theory that would lead to the development of calculus, one of the fundamental branches of mathematics. Newton would go on to discover other important math theories such as Newton’s Identities, and Newton’s Method.

In 1670, Newton moved on to the study of optics and developed theories relating to the composition of white light and the spectrum of colors. In one of his famous experiments, he refracted white light with a prism, resolving it into its constituent colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet. As a result of his experiments, he developed Newton’s Theory of Color, which claimed that objects appear certain colors because they absorb and reflect different amounts of light. Newton was the first scientist to maintain that color was determined solely by light, and his findings created much controversy. Most scientists thought that prisms colored light. Nevertheless, Newton then created the world’s first color wheel, which arranged different colors around the circumference of a circle. He is also credited as the first scientist to explain the formation of a rainbow – from water droplets dispersed in the atmosphere. In 1679, Newton continued his work on gravitation and its effects on the planets. In 1687, he published Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica. In this landmark work, Newton explained his three laws of motion, which included his theory on gravity. According to Newton, gravity is the reason that objects fall to the ground when dropped. Moreover, gravity is the reason why planets orbit the sun, while moons orbit planets, and why ocean tides exist. Newton’s theories remain among the most important concepts in the history of science. There is some evidence that Newton’s ideas concerning gravity were inspired by apples falling from trees. There is no evidence to suggest, however, that any of the apples hit him in the head (as cartoons and fables suggest). Below are Newton’s three laws of motion: Newton’s First Law (Law of Inertia) states that an object at rest tends to stay at rest and that an object in uniform motion tends to stay in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force.Newton’s Second Law states that an applied force on an object equals the time rate of change of its momentum. Newton’s Third Law states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Following the publication of his work, Newton became instantly famous throughout Europe. In the later years of his life he wrote several articles on interpretation of the bible. He was also appointed a member of the British Parliament and spent many years reforming the Royal Mint (coin making agency of Parliament). He died on March 20, 1727.

isaac newton short biography

Isaac Newton one of the greatest men in the history of science was born in a little village in the middle of the 17th century. He studded math at Cambridge University. Newton’s contribution to physics astronomy and math is so great that, he may be considered the founder of the mordent mathematics and physics. He discovered the law of motion and the universal law of gravitation. He studded the nature of light and colour and came to the conclusion that white colour consists of many different colours known as spectrum. He died when he was 84 and was burred at Westminster Abbey.

Isaac Newton was one of the world"s greatest scientists. He did research in mathematics, physics, astronomy and many other fields.

Newton was born in 1642. He worked on his family"s farm but was not really interested in farming. His father died before Isaac was born. In his childhood he spent much time with his grandmother. Newton didn"t have many friends and never married.

Newton was an astronomer, who studied the Earth, the planets and stars. He became well-known for theories of gravity, in which he claimed that all objects of the universe have a gravitational force that pulled other objects towards them. An apple is pulled to the Earth"s surface just like the Earth is being pulled towards the sun. He also showed that planets move around the sun in ellipses. His theory of gravity dominated physics for some time.

In his book "The Mathematical Principles" Newton describes the three laws of motion:

Every moving object keeps moving until something stops it. An object that lies on the ground continues to lie there until a force sets it in motion.

Acceleration happens when a force acts on a mass. The greater the mass the more force must be applied to move the object. For example, you need more force to push a car than you need to push a bike.

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. A rocket, for example, pushes down on the ground with its engines; the opposite action moves the rocket into the sky.

These principles were very difficult to understand at that time. Only few people really knew what Newton meant.

Although Newton was one of the great scientists of his time, he based his work on the discoveries of Galileo and other scientists who lived before him. Scientists of following generations admired Newton"s work. Albert Einstein, 20th century scientist, thought highly of Newton"s work although his theory of general relativity moved away from his ideas.

Sir Isaac Newton is an English scientist and mathematician. He was born in 1642, on the 25 th of December in the little village of Woolsthorpe in England. His father was a wealthy farmer but he had died before Isaac was born.

Newton published his discoveries in two books which contain his three laws of motion and the universal gravitation law. The scientist used these laws to predict the motion of the planets around the Sun, the stars and comets motion. Isaac Newton studied optics and developed the theory of colour: he discovered that a prism could decompose white light into a multicoloured spectrum. He was also the constructor of the first practical reflecting telescope in the world. As for mathematics he and Leibniz developed the fundamental theorem of infinitesimal calculus.

Moreover Isaac Newton devoted his time to studying theology and practicing alchemical experiments. It is known that he published some of his theological researches. He made an attempt to predict the end of the world and he estimated it would happen after the year of 2060.

Newton studied at Trinity College in Cambridge University. His incredible aptitude was recognized early. It was there that he discovered the generalized binomial theorem. Then he moved to London in 1969 where he lived until his death in 1727. The scientist was also a member of the Parliament of England. Newton died in his sleep at the age of 84 and was buried in Westminster Abbey. He was never married and died intestate.

Isaac Newton is considered to be the most influential scientist in the history of mankind. His discoveries on physics, astronomy and mathematics provided a basis for modern science and his ideas changed our world.

Перевод

Сэр Исаак Ньютон – английский ученый и математик. Он родился в 1642 году, 25 декабря в маленькой деревушке Вулсторп в Англии. Его отец был зажиточным фермером, однако он умер до того, как родился Исаак.

Ньютон опубликовал свои открытия в двух книгах, содержащих три закона механики и закон всемирного тяготения. Ученый применил эти законы для вычисления движения планет вокруг солнца, движения звезд и комет. Исаак Ньютон изучал оптику и разработал теорию цвета: он обнаружил, что призма способна разлагать луч белого света на многоцветный спектр. Он также стал создателем первого практического зеркального телескопа в мире. Что касается математики, он и Лейбниц разработали фундаментальную теорему бесконечно малых величин.

Кроме того, Исаак Ньютон посвящал свое время изучению теологии и проведению алхимических экспериментов. Известно, что он опубликовал некоторые из своих теологических исследований. Он предпринял попытку предсказать конец света и рассчитал, что это произойдет после 2060 года.

Ньютон учился в Тринити Колледж в Университете Кэмбридж. Его невероятные способности были рано замечены. Именно там он открыл универсальную теорему бинома. Затем он переехал в Лондон в 1969 году, где прожил вплоть до своей смерти в 1727 году. Ученый также являлся членом английского Парламента. Ньютон скончался во сне в возрасте 84 лет и был похоронен в Вестминстерском аббатстве. Он никогда не был женат и умер без завещания.

Исаак Ньютон считается наиболее значимым ученым в истории человечества. Его открытия в области физики, астрономии и математики сформировали основу для современной науки, а его идеи изменили наш мир.

Биография исаака ньютона на английском. Исаак Ньютон; Isaac Newton — Топик по английскому языку

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Тема по английскому языку: Исаак Ньютон

Рождение

Образование

Изобретения

Величайшая работа

Работа при дворе

Смерть